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Türkei von A - Z
| Lage |
Südosteuropa und Südwestasien
(der westlich vom Boporus gelegene Teil der Tükei gehört
geografisch zu Europa). Angrenzend an das Schwarze Meer, zwischen
Bulgarien und Georgien, und angrenzend an die Ägäische
See sowie an das Mittelmeer zwischen Griechenland und Syrien.
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| Geografische Koordinaten |
39 00 N, 35 00 E |
| Kartenreferenz |
Mittlerer Osten |
| Gebiet |
total: 780,580 sq km
water: 9,820 sq km
land: 770,760 sq km |
| Vergleichsgebiet |
slightly larger than Texas |
| Grenzen |
total: 2.648 km
border countries: Armenia 268 km, Azerbaijan 9 km, Bulgaria
240 km, Georgia 252 km, Greece 206 km, Iran 499 km, Iraq 352
km, Syria 822 km |
| Küstenlinie |
7.200 km |
| Maritime claims |
exclusive economic zone: in Black Sea only:
to the maritime boundary agreed upon with the former USSR
territorial sea: 6 NM in the Aegean Sea; 12 NM in Black Sea
and in Mediterranean Sea |
| Klima |
Gemäßigt; heiße, trockene
Sommer mit milden und nassen Wintern. |
| Gebiet |
high central plateau (Anatolia); narrow coastal
plain; several mountain ranges |
| Höhen-unterschiede |
lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mount Ararat 5,166 m |
| Naturresourcen |
antimony, coal, chromium, mercury, copper,
borate, sulfur, iron ore, arable land, hydropower |
| Landgebraucht |
arable land: 34.53%
permanent crops: 3.36%
other: 62.11% (1998 est.) |
| Irrigated land |
43.000 km² |
| Naturhindernisse |
very severe earthquakes, especially in northern
Turkey, along an arc extending from the Sea of Marmara to
Lake Van |
| Environment - current issues |
water pollution from dumping of chemicals
and detergents; air pollution, particularly in urban areas;
deforestation; concern for oil spills from increasing Bosporus
ship traffic |
| Environment - international agreements |
party to: Air Pollution, Antarctic Treaty,
Biodiversity, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous
Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution,
Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol,
Environmental Modification |
| Geography - note |
strategic location controlling the Turkish
Straits (Bosporus, Sea of Marmara, Dardanelles) that link
Black and Aegean Seas; Mount Ararat, the legendary landing
place of Noah's Ark, is in the far eastern portion of the
country |
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